:root{
    --ink:#102437; --ink-2:#16324a; --ink-3:#1f435d;
    --sunset:#e21f2f; --sunset-2:#ff5763;
    --paper:#ffffff; --paper-warm:#f5f7f8; --paper-cool:#f1f5f8;
    --slate:#44506a; --muted:#7c8699; --line:#e6e9f0; --line-warm:#e4e8eb; --ok:#2f9e6b;
    --serif:'Fraunces',Georgia,serif; --sans:'Inter',system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif; --mono:'JetBrains Mono',ui-monospace,monospace;
    --wrap:1200px; --pad:clamp(1.25rem,5vw,3rem); --sect:clamp(4.5rem,9vw,8rem); --radius:18px;
  }
  *{box-sizing:border-box}
  html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:90px}
  @media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
  body{margin:0;font-family:var(--sans);color:var(--slate);overflow-x:clip;background:var(--paper);line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-size:1.0625rem}
  img{max-width:100%;display:block}
  a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
  h1,h2,h3,h4{color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500;line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:0}
  p{margin:0 0 1rem}
  .wrap{max-width:var(--wrap);margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:var(--pad)}
  .eyebrow{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.76rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--sunset);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;margin:0 0 1.1rem}
  .eyebrow::before{content:"";width:26px;height:1px;background:var(--sunset)}

  /* Buttons */
  .btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:.5rem;font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1;padding:.95rem 1.7rem;border-radius:999px;border:1.5px solid transparent;cursor:pointer;transition:background .18s ease,color .18s ease,border-color .18s ease,box-shadow .18s ease}
  .btn svg{width:16px;height:16px}
  .btn-primary{background:var(--sunset);color:#fff;box-shadow:0 8px 22px -8px rgba(226,31,47,.6)}
  .btn-primary:hover{background:#c0121f}
  .btn-ghost{background:#fff;color:var(--ink-3);border-color:var(--line)}
  .btn-ghost:hover{border-color:var(--ink-3)}
  .btn-blue{background:#0057c8;color:#fff;box-shadow:0 8px 22px -8px rgba(0,64,160,.65)}
  .btn-blue:hover{background:#0046a3}
  .btn-white{background:#fff;color:var(--ink-3);box-shadow:0 8px 22px -8px rgba(0,0,0,.35)}
  .btn-white:hover{background:#eef2f6}
  .btn-light{background:transparent;color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.5)}
  .btn-light:hover{background:#fff;color:var(--ink-3);border-color:#fff}

  /* Header */
  header.site{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:70;transition:background .25s ease,box-shadow .25s ease}
  header.site .bar{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1.5rem;padding-block:1.15rem}
  header.site .logo img{height:46px;width:auto;filter:brightness(0) invert(1)}
  header.site.solid{background:rgba(255,255,255,.96);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);box-shadow:0 1px 0 var(--line),0 8px 30px rgba(16,36,55,.07)}
  header.site.solid .logo img{filter:none}
  header.site::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:3px;opacity:0;transition:opacity .25s ease;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#ffffff 0 33.33%,#0039A6 33.33% 66.66%,#D52B1E 66.66% 100%)}
  header.site.solid::after{opacity:1}
  nav.main{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:2.1rem}
  nav.main a:not(.btn){font-size:1.02rem;font-weight:500;color:#fff;opacity:.92;transition:opacity .15s,color .15s}
  nav.main a:not(.btn):hover{opacity:1}
  nav.main a.active{opacity:1;color:var(--sunset-2)}
  header.site.solid nav.main a:not(.btn){color:var(--ink)}
  header.site.solid nav.main a:not(.btn):hover{color:var(--sunset)}
  header.site.solid nav.main a.active{color:var(--sunset)}
  .nav-cta{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.7rem}
  .nav-cta .btn-ghost{background:transparent;color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.55)}
  .nav-cta .btn-ghost:hover{background:#fff;color:var(--ink-3);border-color:#fff}
  header.site.solid .nav-cta .btn-ghost{color:var(--ink-3);border-color:var(--line)}
  header.site.solid .nav-cta .btn-ghost:hover{background:var(--ink-3);color:#fff;border-color:var(--ink-3)}
  .lang{position:relative}
  .lang-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:.6rem;border-radius:50%;border:1.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,.55);background:transparent;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;transition:background .18s,color .18s,border-color .18s}
  .lang-btn:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.12)}
  .lang-btn svg{width:20px;height:20px}
  header.site.solid .lang-btn{border-color:var(--line);color:var(--ink)}
  header.site.solid .lang-btn:hover{background:var(--paper-cool)}
  .lang-menu{position:absolute;top:calc(100% + .6rem);right:0;min-width:190px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 20px 44px rgba(16,36,55,.18);padding:.4rem;display:none;z-index:90}
  .lang-menu.open{display:block}
  .lang-menu a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.7rem;padding:.68rem .8rem;border-radius:9px;font-size:.98rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink)}
  .lang-menu a:hover{background:var(--paper-cool)}
  .lang-menu a .flag{width:24px;height:16px;border-radius:3px;flex:none;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
  .nav-logo{display:none}.nav-actions{display:none}
  .burger{display:none;background:none;border:0;cursor:pointer;padding:.4rem;color:#fff}
  header.site.solid .burger,header.site.nav-open .burger{color:var(--ink)}
  .burger svg{width:28px;height:28px}
  body.menu-open{overflow:hidden}
  @media(max-width:940px){
    nav.main{position:fixed;inset:0 0 0 auto;width:min(82vw,340px);flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start;gap:.15rem;background:#fff;padding:1.3rem 1.8rem 1.8rem;transform:translateX(105%);transition:transform .3s ease;box-shadow:-20px 0 60px rgba(16,36,55,.16);z-index:75;overflow-y:auto}
    nav.main.open{transform:none}
    .nav-logo{display:block;height:42px;width:auto;margin-bottom:1.3rem}
    .nav-actions{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.7rem;margin-top:1.4rem;width:100%}
    .nav-actions .btn{width:100%;justify-content:center}
    header.nav-open .logo{opacity:0;pointer-events:none}
    header.site.solid{backdrop-filter:none;-webkit-backdrop-filter:none;background:#fff}
    nav.main a:not(.btn){font-size:1.12rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink);opacity:1;padding:.85rem 0;width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
    nav.main a.active{color:var(--sunset)}
    header.site.solid nav.main a:not(.btn){color:var(--ink)}
    .nav-cta .btn-ghost,.nav-cta .btn-blue,.nav-cta .btn-primary{display:none}
    .lang-btn .lbl{display:none}
    .burger{display:inline-flex;z-index:80}
  }

  /* ARTICLE HERO */
  .art-hero{position:relative;overflow:hidden;color:#fff;isolation:isolate}
  .art-hero .hero-img{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-3;background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(13,25,40,.5),rgba(13,25,40,.84)),linear-gradient(100deg,rgba(13,25,40,.92) 0%,rgba(16,36,55,.62) 52%,rgba(16,36,55,.3) 100%),url('/assets/img/hero-russia.jpg') center/cover no-repeat}
  .art-hero .hero-bg{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-2;background:radial-gradient(110% 95% at 88% 8%, rgba(226,31,47,.34), transparent 55%)}
  .art-hero .hero-grid{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;opacity:.26;background-image:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.05) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.05) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:64px 64px;mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg,transparent,#000 30%,#000 75%,transparent)}
  .art-hero .wrap{padding-top:clamp(7.5rem,12vw,10rem);padding-bottom:clamp(3rem,6vw,4.5rem)}
  .art-hero .crumb{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.75rem;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.6);margin-bottom:1.5rem}
  .art-hero .crumb a{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}
  .art-hero .crumb a:hover{color:#fff}
  .art-hero .crumb span{color:var(--sunset-2)}
  .art-cat{display:inline-block;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:var(--sunset);padding:.45rem .9rem;border-radius:999px;margin-bottom:1.3rem}
  .art-hero h1{color:#fff;font-size:clamp(2.1rem,5vw,3.6rem);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin-bottom:1.3rem;max-width:20ch}
  .art-hero .dek{font-size:1.22rem;color:rgba(255,255,255,.85);max-width:60ch;margin:0 0 2rem;line-height:1.5}
  .art-meta{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-top:1.6rem;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16)}
  .art-meta .avatar{width:46px;height:46px;border-radius:50%;background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--ink-3),var(--sunset));display:grid;place-items:center;color:#fff;font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:1.1rem;flex:none}
  .art-meta .mwho b{color:#fff;font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;display:block;font-size:.98rem}
  .art-meta .mwho span{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6);font-size:.85rem}
  .art-meta .mdot{width:4px;height:4px;border-radius:50%;background:rgba(255,255,255,.35)}
  .art-meta .mfact{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.8rem;color:rgba(255,255,255,.7)}

  /* LAYOUT: article + sidebar */
  .art-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px;gap:clamp(2.2rem,4vw,3.6rem);max-width:var(--wrap);margin-inline:auto;padding:clamp(3rem,6vw,4.5rem) var(--pad) clamp(3rem,6vw,4.5rem)}
  @media(max-width:1024px){.art-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);max-width:820px}}

  /* PROSE */
  .prose{font-size:1.14rem;color:#33405a;line-height:1.78;max-width:74ch;min-width:0}
  .prose > *:first-child{margin-top:0}
  .prose > p:first-of-type::first-letter{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:3.6rem;font-weight:600;line-height:.8;float:left;margin:.35rem .7rem .1rem 0;color:var(--sunset)}
  .prose h2{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3vw,2rem);margin:2.8rem 0 1rem;scroll-margin-top:90px}
  .prose h3{font-size:1.28rem;margin:2rem 0 .7rem}
  .prose p{margin:0 0 1.3rem}
  .prose a:not(.btn){color:var(--sunset);font-weight:600;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(226,31,47,.3)}
  .prose a:not(.btn):hover{border-color:var(--sunset)}
  .prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 1.5rem;padding-left:0;list-style:none}
  .prose ul li,.prose ol li{position:relative;padding-left:1.9rem;margin-bottom:.7rem}
  .prose ul li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:.15rem;top:.62em;width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--sunset)}
  .prose ol{counter-reset:li}
  .prose ol li{counter-increment:li}
  .prose ol li::before{content:counter(li);position:absolute;left:0;top:.05em;width:1.4rem;height:1.4rem;background:var(--paper-cool);color:var(--sunset);font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:600;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center}
  .prose strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}
  .prose blockquote{margin:2rem 0;padding:.4rem 0 .4rem 1.6rem;border-left:4px solid var(--sunset);font-family:var(--serif);font-style:italic;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4;color:var(--ink)}
  .prose blockquote cite{display:block;margin-top:.9rem;font-family:var(--sans);font-style:normal;font-size:.9rem;font-weight:600;color:var(--muted)}
  .prose figure{margin:2.2rem 0}
  .prose figure img{border-radius:16px;width:100%}
  .prose figcaption{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:.7rem;font-style:italic}

  /* Callout */
  .callout{background:var(--paper-cool);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;padding:1.6rem 1.8rem;margin:2.2rem 0}
  .callout .ct{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.76rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--sunset);margin-bottom:.9rem;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.55rem}
  .callout .ct svg{width:18px;height:18px}
  .callout ul{margin:0!important}
  .callout p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}

  /* Table */
  .art-table{width:100%;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;margin:2rem 0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px}
  .art-table table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.98rem;min-width:460px}
  .art-table th{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;text-align:left;padding:.9rem 1.1rem;font-size:.85rem;letter-spacing:.02em}
  .art-table td{padding:.85rem 1.1rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--slate)}
  .art-table tr:nth-child(even) td{background:var(--paper-warm)}
  .art-table td:first-child{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}

  /* Inline CTA */
  .inline-cta{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;border-radius:20px;padding:clamp(1.8rem,4vw,2.6rem);margin:2.8rem 0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
  .inline-cta::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background:radial-gradient(90% 130% at 90% 10%,rgba(226,31,47,.3),transparent 55%);pointer-events:none}
  .inline-cta h3{color:#fff;font-size:1.5rem;margin-bottom:.7rem;position:relative}
  .inline-cta p{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);margin-bottom:1.5rem;position:relative;max-width:46ch}
  .inline-cta .btn{position:relative}

  /* SIDEBAR */
  .art-side{position:sticky;top:100px;align-self:start}
  @media(max-width:1024px){
    .art-side{position:static;top:auto;margin-top:.5rem}
    .toc{display:none}
    .share{margin-top:0;padding-top:1.4rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:flex-start}
  }
  .toc{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px;padding:1.4rem 1.5rem;background:#fff}
  .toc h4{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.74rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:1rem}
  .toc a{display:block;font-size:.92rem;color:var(--slate);padding:.4rem 0;border-left:2px solid var(--line);padding-left:.9rem;margin-left:-.9rem;transition:color .15s,border-color .15s}
  .toc a:hover{color:var(--sunset);border-color:var(--sunset)}
  .share{margin-top:1.4rem;display:flex;gap:.5rem;align-items:center}
  .share .sl{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--muted);text-transform:uppercase;margin-right:.2rem}
  .share a{width:38px;height:38px;border-radius:50%;border:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;place-items:center;color:var(--ink-3);transition:background .16s,color .16s,border-color .16s}
  .share a:hover{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;border-color:var(--ink)}
  .share a svg{width:17px;height:17px}

  /* AUTHOR BOX */
  .author-box{margin:2.5rem 0 0;display:flex;gap:1.3rem;align-items:flex-start;background:var(--paper-warm);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;padding:1.7rem 1.8rem}
  .author-box .avatar{width:60px;height:60px;border-radius:50%;background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--ink-3),var(--sunset));display:grid;place-items:center;color:#fff;font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:1.4rem;flex:none}
  .author-box h4{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.05rem;margin-bottom:.3rem}
  .author-box .arole{font-size:.82rem;color:var(--sunset);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:.6rem}
  .author-box p{font-size:.94rem;color:var(--slate);margin:0}

  /* RELATED */
  .related{background:var(--paper-warm);border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:clamp(3.5rem,7vw,5.5rem)}
  .related .sec-head{max-width:720px;margin-bottom:2.2rem}
  .related .eyebrow{margin-bottom:.9rem}
  .related h2{font-size:clamp(1.6rem,3vw,2.2rem)}
  .rel-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:1.5rem}
  @media(max-width:820px){.rel-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
  .post-card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff;transition:transform .2s ease,box-shadow .2s ease}
  .post-card:hover{transform:translateY(-5px);box-shadow:0 24px 48px rgba(16,36,55,.10)}
  .pcover{position:relative;aspect-ratio:16/10;overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate;--acc:var(--ink-3)}
  .pcover::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-2;background:linear-gradient(155deg,var(--ink) 0%,var(--ink-2) 55%,var(--acc) 120%)}
  .pcover::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;opacity:.5;background-image:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.06) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.06) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:34px 34px;mask-image:radial-gradient(120% 100% at 80% 20%,#000,transparent 75%)}
  .pcover .glyph{position:absolute;right:-.4rem;bottom:-1.6rem;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:8rem;line-height:1;color:rgba(255,255,255,.09);font-weight:600}
  .pcover .pcat{position:absolute;top:1rem;left:1rem;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.68rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:rgba(255,255,255,.14);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24);padding:.4rem .7rem;border-radius:999px}
  .pcover.acc-red{--acc:#8f1520}.pcover.acc-blue{--acc:#123a6b}.pcover.acc-teal{--acc:#124a52}
  .pbody{padding:1.35rem 1.4rem 1.5rem;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}
  .pbody .pmeta{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.72rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:.7rem}
  .pbody h3{font-size:1.24rem;margin-bottom:.55rem;line-height:1.2;transition:color .16s}
  .post-card:hover h3{color:var(--sunset)}
  .pbody p{font-size:.94rem;color:var(--slate);margin:0}

  /* Reading progress */
  .progress{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:3px;width:0;background:var(--sunset);z-index:200;transition:width .1s linear}

  /* Footer */
  footer.site{background:#06122a;color:rgba(255,255,255,.62);padding-block:clamp(2.6rem,5vw,4rem) 2rem}
  footer.site .fgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1.3fr;gap:2.5rem}
  footer.site .fbrand img{height:44px;filter:brightness(0) invert(1)}
  footer.site .fbrand p{font-size:.92rem;margin:1.1rem 0 1.3rem;max-width:290px;line-height:1.6}
  footer.site .fsocial{display:flex;gap:.6rem}
  footer.site .fsocial a{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:50%;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);display:grid;place-items:center;color:#fff;transition:background .18s,border-color .18s}
  footer.site .fsocial a:hover{background:var(--sunset);border-color:var(--sunset)}
  footer.site .fsocial svg{width:19px;height:19px}
  footer.site .fcol h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.76rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;margin:0 0 1.1rem}
  footer.site .fcol a{display:block;font-size:.93rem;padding:.4rem 0;color:rgba(255,255,255,.62);transition:color .15s}
  footer.site .fcol a:hover{color:#fff}
  footer.site .fcontact div{font-size:.92rem;margin-bottom:.7rem;line-height:1.5}
  footer.site .fcontact a{color:rgba(255,255,255,.62)}
  footer.site .fcontact a:hover{color:#fff}
  footer.site .copy{font-size:.82rem;padding-top:1.8rem;margin-top:clamp(2.2rem,4vw,3rem);border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}
  @media(max-width:820px){footer.site .fgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
  @media(max-width:520px){footer.site .fgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

  /* Floating contact bar */
  .fab{position:fixed;z-index:120;right:0;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;gap:.6rem}
  .fab a{display:flex;align-items:center;height:54px;color:#fff;border-radius:16px 0 0 16px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:-6px 10px 24px rgba(16,36,55,.22)}
  .fab a .ico{width:54px;height:54px;display:grid;place-items:center;flex:none}
  .fab a .ico svg{width:24px;height:24px;display:block}
  .fab a .lbl{max-width:0;opacity:0;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:600;font-size:.92rem;color:#fff;transition:max-width .28s ease,opacity .18s ease,padding .28s ease}
  .fab a:hover .lbl{max-width:150px;opacity:1;padding-left:18px}
  .fab .wa{background:#25D366}.fab .tel{background:#0057c8}.fab .ig{background:linear-gradient(45deg,#f09433,#dc2743 48%,#bc1888)}
  @media(max-width:768px){
    .fab{left:50%;right:auto;bottom:calc(12px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));top:auto;transform:translateX(-50%);flex-direction:row;align-items:stretch;gap:.2rem;width:calc(100% - 26px);max-width:430px;background:#fff;border-radius:20px;padding:.4rem;box-shadow:0 14px 34px rgba(16,36,55,.24)}
    .fab a{flex:1;flex-direction:column-reverse;height:auto;border-radius:14px;gap:.22rem;padding:.6rem 0;color:var(--ink);background:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}
    .fab a .ico{width:auto;height:auto}.fab a .ico svg{width:25px;height:25px}
    .fab a .lbl{max-width:none;opacity:1;padding:0;font-size:.72rem;color:var(--muted)}
    .fab .wa .ico{color:#25D366}.fab .tel .ico{color:#0057c8}.fab .ig .ico{color:#d6249f}
    .fab a:active{background:var(--paper-cool)!important}
    body{padding-bottom:96px}
  }
  :focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--sunset-2);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:4px}